Pharmacognostic evaluation of Eranthemum indicum extracts for its in-vitro antioxidant activity, acute toxicology, and investigation of potent bioactive phytocompounds using HPTLC and GCMS

Abstract Background Northeast India has a rich resource of herbal plants, and it is essential to validate their therapeutic activity with proper scientific evidence. This study aims identify active phytocompounds found in the extracts Eranthemum indicum ( E. ) determine its antioxidative activities toxicity. Results In vitro free radical scavenging aqueous extract (AE) methanol (ME) (leaves) was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic-acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total (TAC). ME depicted better inhibitory concentration when compared AE. indicates effective extraction capacity methanol, which consistent fact that had higher polyphenol flavonoid, resulting activity. HPTLC analysis solvent system ethyl acetate/methanol/ammonia 28–30% (40:10:10) showed fingerprinting separation, especially ME. Furthermore, DPPH solution, used as derivatizing agent analysis, confirmed than GCMS AE identified 3-beta-hydroxy-5-cholen-24-oic-acid compound, while Beta.-l-arabinopyranoside 2-methyl-3-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-2-(4-methyl-pent-3-enyl)-oxetane were major bioactive compound. Acute toxicological investigations have shown both high L.D. 50 value 1533 mg/kg b.w for 1567 making them safe non-toxic. Conclusions Extraction identification these can help us scientifically document medicinal importance, benefit pharmaceutical industries. Since promising activity, also be potent source.